導(dǎo)語(yǔ)：如何才能寫(xiě)好一篇初三英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)，這就需要搜集整理更多的資料和文獻(xiàn)，歡迎閱讀由公務(wù)員之家整理的十篇范文，供你借鑒。

篇1

2.從…里出來(lái) get out of

3.航天博物館the Museum of Flight

4.沿著街道散步 walk down/along the street

5.起飛take off（脫下）

6.紀(jì)念品商店 a souvenir shop

7.做家庭作業(yè) do (one's) homework

8.上個(gè)星期天上午last Sunday morning

9.打電話(huà)報(bào)警 call the police

10.考慮;思考 think about/of

11.跳下來(lái)jump down

12.逃跑;跑掉run away

13.尋找look for

14.在火車(chē)站at the train station

15北京國(guó)際機(jī)場(chǎng)Beijing International Airport

16.理發(fā)店barber shop

17.多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間how long

18.理發(fā)cut hair

19.在歷in history

20.成為東道主be made host to+sth

21.聽(tīng)說(shuō) hear of/about

22沉默的in silence

23做某事很高興have fun doing sth.

24發(fā)生take place

25和…一樣可怕as terrible as

26.全世界all over the world

27在浴室in the bath room

28.在廚房in the kitchen

29.在理發(fā)店的椅子上in thebarber's chair

30.睡懶覺(jué)sleep late

31.登陸;著陸land in/on

32.在樹(shù)上in/on the tree

33.拍照take photos/take a photo

34.日常活動(dòng) everyday activities

35.騎自行車(chē)ride one's/the /a bike

36.挨著;在旁邊next to

37.在候診室at the doctor's

38對(duì)…有意義 have meaning to

39.繞地球飛行fly around the earth

39.最重要的事件之一one of the most important events

40.民族英雄 a national hero

41.在月球上行走walk on the moon

篇2

I. 單項(xiàng)填空( 本題共20小題;每小題1分， 滿(mǎn)分20分)

從A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的選項(xiàng)。

1. Everyone has_______ dream. Work hard, and your dream will come true.

A. a B. the C. an D. /

2. There is more _______ today so life is more dangerous and less healthy.

A. knowledge B. freedom C. pollution D. population

3. ---Is the novel “Journey to the west”_______ book?

---No, it’s Helen’s. I left________ at home.

A. your, hers B. your, his C. his , mine D. your, mine

4. I asked Jim and Bob to come to my house for dinner , but ____ of them came .

A .neither B. either C .none D .both

5. .---Mum, I think I’m ________ to go back to school.

---Not really, my dear. You’d better stay at home for another day or two.

A. so well B. so great C. well enough D. great enough

6. ---_________plastic bags we use, _________it will be to the environment.

---I agree ________you.

A. The less, the better, with B. The fewer , the better, with

C. The less, the worse, to D. The fewer, the worse, to

7. ---Did you feel lonely when you worked in the village?

---No. I have many hobbies, ________when I kept a lot of pets then.

A. hardly B. usually C. especially D. finally

8. _________Canada and the US, school buses are usually painted an orange-yellow color.

A. Between, B. In, C. Among, D. From

9. A computer ________ think for itself; it ________ be told what to do.

A. may not, must B. mustn't, might C. shouldn't, could D. can't, must

10. ---Shall we go to the museum?

---Sorry, I _________ there. I went there last week.

A. went B. am going C. go D. have been

11. ---I went to Hollywood a few days ago.

--- _______

A. What’s it like? B. Have a good time!

C. How are you? D. Better get back to study12. ---I’m sorry, I _____ my exercise book at home.

---Don’t forget _____ it to school tomorrow, please.

A. forget; to take B. left; to bring C. forget ; to bring D. left; to take

13. ---We don’t know_______.

---It is said that he was born in Canada.

A. what he is B. when he was born

C. where he comes from D. if he lives here

14. Last night I went to bed late, _______ I am really tired now.

A. so B. or C. but D. yet

15. ---What do you think of the football match yesterday?

---Well. It’s surprising. The strongest team of our school _________.

A. was beaten B. won C. scored D. was failed

16. ---Do you know the girl_______ is standing under the tree?

---She is my little sister.

A. who B. whom C. whose D. which

17. He didn’t tell his parents he was going home because he wanted to give them a _______.

A. joy B. surprise C. shame D. happiness

18. ---_______ the soldiers are very tired, _______ they keep on working.

---They are great. We must learn from them.

A. Because, / B. Though, / C. Because, so D. Though, but

19. Today it is _______ for married women to go out to work, but it was less common in the past.

A. unusual B. useless C. difficult D. normal

20. ---The teacher looked at her students _______ when they were saved.

---We also felt _______ for them.

A. happily , happy B. sadly , sad C. excitedly , exciting D. angrily , angry

II. 完型填空(一) ( 本題共10小題; 每小題1分， 滿(mǎn)分10 分)

閱讀下面短文， 掌握其大意。 然后從各題 所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出選項(xiàng)。

Charlie came from a poor village. His parents had __21__ money to send him to school when he was young. The boy was very sad. Mr. King lived next to him. He found the boy __22__ and had pity on him and lent some money to him. So the boy could go to school. He studied hard and __23__ all his lessons. When he finished middle school, the man introduced him to his friend in the town. And he began to work.Once Mr. King was seriously hurt in an accident. Dying, he asked Charlie to take care of his daughter, Sharon. The young man __24__ and several years later he married the girl. He loved her very much and tried his best to make her happy. He often bought beautiful clothes and delicious food for her. He was good at cooking and he cooked __25__ for her. So she became very fat and she felt it difficult to walk. And one day she found there was something wrong with her heart. Her husband wasn’t at home and she had to go to __26__ at once. The doctors looked her over and told her __27__ eat meat, sugar, chocolate and things like these. She was afraid __28__ the doctor’s words and wrote all the names of the food on the paper. When she got home, she put the list on the table and __29__. When she returned home that afternoon, she found many kinds of food: meat, sugar and chocolate in the kitchen. Charlie was busy __30__ there. As soon as he saw her, he said happily, “I’ve bought all the food you like, dear!”

21. A. no B. some C. much D. enough

22. A. lazy B. clever C. careful D. hard

23. A. did well in B. was poor at C. was working D. was good for

24. A. was angry B. thought hard C. agreed D. said “No.”

25. A. a little B. a few C. many D. a lot

26. A. rest B. sleep C. hospital D. work

27. A. should B. would C. to D. not to

28. A. to remember B. to forget C. to catch D. to teach

29. A. slept B. went out C. cooked D. ate

30. A. reading B. seeing C. cooking D. writing

III. 閱讀理解(一) ( 本題共20小題; 每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分40 分)

閱讀下列短文， 從各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)A、B、C和D中，選出選項(xiàng)。

Passage 1

When having a meal, a European usually holds the knife in the right hand, and the fork in the left. He uses the knife and fork with his both hands. He keeps his knife and fork in his hands until he finishes eating.

But an American, on the opposite, may use just one hand whenever possible and keep the other hand on his lap(膝部). He uses the fork in his right hand to pick up fried potatoes. When he has to cut his meat, he changes his fork to the left hand and cuts it. Then he puts down the knife and changes his fork to his right hand to pick up the sliced meat.

Then, perhaps, he will suddenly think of his coffee or orange. So he has to put down his fork in order to drink his coffee or orange. Now you can see an American is busy all the time at the dinner table. By the way, Europeans usually have their coffee after meals, but many Americans prefer to have coffee during the meal.

If you are present at a formal dinner, you might be confused to find so many forks, knives and Spoons put before you. You might be at a loss to know what to do with them. Don't worry. The rule is simple. You just use them in the order in which they lie, beginning from outside towards the plate.

The small fork on the outside on the left is for salad. The spoon on the outside on the right is for soup. There is another little knife, called a butter spreader, on a bread-and-butter plate on the left. As the bread is passed, each guest helps himself and puts his pieces on the small plate.

Next to the soup there will probably be the blunt knife for fish, which is smaller and blunter than other knives.

31. When do Europeans usually drink their coffee?

A. Before meals.

B. After meals.

C. While they are having their meals.

D. They never drink coffee when they eat.

32. The right way to use the forks, knives and spoons is to use ______________.

A. whichever you like when necessary

B. them from the outside to the inside

C. them from the inside to the outside

D. them from the middle to both sides

33. The butter spreader is ____________________.

A. a fork B. a spoon C. a knife D. a plate34. The spoon on the outside on the right is for _______________.

A. soup B. salad C. butter D. chicken

35. The best title for this passage is ___________________.

A. Eating Habit in America.

B. Eating Habit in Europe

C. How to use Forks, Knives and Spoons

D. Dinning Customs of the West

Passage 2ww w.xkb 1.com

Here are some simple tips for getting to sleep. They are designed to help you deal with nervousness, stress and worry, and enjoy a good night’s sleep. Not every one of these tips alone will get you to sleep, but a few of them at least should be useful.

Get some physical exercises during the day. Even 15 minutes a day of exercise(at least half an hour before going to bed, so your body will have a chance to slow down) will give your body the activity and oxygen(氧) it needs to help you relax more and sleep better.

Listen to the light music. Play some soft, smooth music that help you sleep. Of course you must have a recorder or CD player that will automatically(自動(dòng)地) turn off because if you get up and turn it off in the end, you’ll lose its effect.

Drink warm milk. A glass of warm milk 15 minutes before going to bed will keep you calm.

Keep regular bedtime hours. Your body likes regular routines(常規(guī)), whether you do or not. It likes to know that it’s going to get up at the same time each day, eat at the same time, and go to bed at the same time. Keep far away from caffeine, alcohol and tobacco. Before you go to sleep, you’d better not drink coffee or cola which has caffeine. Don’t drink wine, beer or champagne which has alcohol and don’t smoke.

Don’t watch TV or read before going to bed. Wait at least half an hour before going to bed after reading or watching TV.

36. Which of the following is not mentioned in this text?

A. Listening to music.

B. Drinking warm milk.

C. Keeping far away from caffeine.

D. Using sleeping pills.

37. According to the passage, we can infer(推斷) that the way of getting some physical exercise during the day is more effective for _______.

A. sportsman B. office workers C. postmen D. farmers38. If you choose to use the method of listening to music, the author advises us _______.

A. not to listen to soft music

B. not to make the record or CD player lose its effect

C. to have a record or CD player that will turn off by itself

D. not to listen to smooth music

39. According to the passage, which of the following is good before going to bed?

A. Watching TV or reading.

B. Drinking Coffee.

C. Drinking warm milk.

D. Drinking beer.

40. Which is the best title for this passage?

A. Music and Sleep

B. Caffeine and Sleep

C. Keeping Regular Bedtime

D. Tips for Getting to Sleep

Passage 3

Reading newspapers has become an important part of everyday life. Some people read newspapers as the first thing to do in the morning. Others read newspapers as soon as they have free time during the day so that they can learn what is happening in the world.

Sometimes, we do not have enough time to read all the news carefully, so we just take a quick loot at the front page. At other times, we may be in such a hurry that we only have a few minutes to look at the headlines (標(biāo)題) of the passage.

Newspapers can be found everywhere in the world. We can get many different kinds of newspapers in big cities, but in some mountain villages we can see few newspapers.

Some newspapers are published (出版) once a week, but most of the papers are published once a day with many pages, some even published twice a day! You know different people enjoy reading different newspapers. Some like world news, and others prefer short stories. They just choose what they are interested in.

Today newspapers in English have the largest numbers of readers in the world. The English language is so popular that many Chinese students are reading English newspapers such as China Daily or 21st Century. Also they bring us more and more information with Internet.

41. People read newspapers in order to .

A. learn the latest news

B. meet their own different needs

C. read the short stories

D. find the morning news

42. From the passage we can see that_________ when people get newspapers.

A. they read them very carefully

B. they just read the headlines

C. not everyone reads all the pages

D. they have no time to read them

43. Newspapers have so many pages because__________.

A. more and more people like to read them

B. people enjoy reading something different

C. newspapers become cheaper

D. more pages mean more money44. Newspapers _________are the most popular in the world.

A. in English B. in Chinese C. in other language D. with many pages

45. According to the passage, besides newspapers, people also get information from__________.

A. magazines B. advertisements C. e-mails D. Internet

Passage 4

Films in Feiyang Cinema this week

A WORLD WITHOUT TYHIEVES

• Chinese film (2004)

• Dircected (導(dǎo)演) by Feng Xiaogang

• Mainly acted by Liu Dehua, Liu Ruoying,

Ge You,Li Bingbing

• From Monday to Wednesday, at 8 : 00 p. m.

• Ticket Price:RMB¥35 KUNGFU　HUSTLE

• Chinese Hong Kong film (2004)

• Directed by Zhou Xingchi

• Mainly acted by Zhou Xingchi,Yuan Hua, Liang Xiaolong

• From Wednesday to Friday, at 8 : 00 p. m.

• Ticket price:RMB¥40

Films In Feiyang Cinema This Week

HAPPY POTTER (III)

• American film (2004)

• Directed by Alfonso Cuaron

• Mainly acted by Daniel Radcliffe, Rupert Grint. Emma Waston

• From Friday to

Sunday, at 7 : 30 p. m. • Ticket Price: RMB¥30 (Half on Sun¬day for children) TROY

• American film (2004)

• Directed by Wolfgang Peters-en

• Mainly acted by

Julian Glover, Brian Cox, Nathan Jones, Adoni Maropis

• From Tuesday to Thursday, at 8: 00 p. m.

• Ticket Price:RMB¥45

46. You can see ________ foreign films in Feiyang Cinema this week.

A. one B. two C. three D. four47. If you want to see the film which was directed by Feng Xiaogang, go to the cinema on________.

A. Monday B. Thursday C. Friday D. Saturday

48. Children can pay only _____ when they want to see a film on Sunday.

A. ¥5 B. ¥10 C. ¥15 D. ¥20

49. You can see the film ________ on Saturday.

A. Troy B. Harry Potter

C. A World Without Thieves D. Kungfu Hustle

50. Which of the following is TRUE?

A. Liu Dehua acted in the film Kungfu Hustle.

B. The ticket price of the four films is the same.

C. All the films start after 8 o'clock in the evening.

D. The four films were released (發(fā)行) in the same year.

IV. 情景交際( 本題共5小題; 每小題2分， 滿(mǎn)分5分)

根據(jù)對(duì)話(huà)內(nèi)容選出可以填入空白處的選項(xiàng)， 有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。

Sara: Hi，John. Where have you been?

John: I’ve just got back from the Great Barrier Reef.

Sara:__________51__________

John: For a few weeks.

Sara: Was it nice and hot?

John: __________52__________

Sara: __________53__________

John: Yes, I realized, as soon as I got off the plane, how cold the winters are in England!

Sara: What did you find most interesting about the Australian people?

John: Well, __________54__________ I think it’s because we share the same language, and many of our ancestors moved to Australia long ago. And you know, I didn’t feel like a visitor at all. __________55__________

第II卷 非選擇題 ( 共65分)

V. 完型填空(二) (本題共15小題; 滿(mǎn)分20分)

A. 閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)文章，將方框內(nèi)所給的詞或短語(yǔ)的適當(dāng)形式填入相應(yīng)的空白處，使短文意思完整。 ( 每個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)只能用一次) ( 本題共10小題; 每小題1分， 滿(mǎn)分10 分)

Up to two thirds of children don’t get as much sleep as they should do, and this can make them nervous and slower at school, researchers say.

So how long should young people sleep each night? The 56__________ is between eight and 10 hours. If you don’t get 57__________ sleep at night, you’ll have less energy the next day.

But the researchers say many children have 58__________out on 4500 hours of sleep by the time they are seven years old. They say that children miss sleep 59__________they have TVs and computers in their rooms, and busy parents don’t read to their younger children at night 60__________more. The traditional “bedtime story” helps children to relax and fall asleep peacefully. Children with TVs and computers in their bedrooms were more likely to sleep 61__________, and to get less than eight hours sleep. Even losing one hour’s sleep a night can mean 62__________ children do less well at school.

German63__________ think that your brain keeps working while you’re asleep. To show that they were right, they gave two groups of people a problem to work out. One group went to sleep, and the other group stayed 64__________. The result? The people who slept worked out the answer more quickly, suggesting their brains had been trying to find the answer 65__________ the people were asleep. So, make sure you get enough sleep tonight, and you’ll be at your best tomorrow.B. 閱讀下面短文， 在短文的空格內(nèi)填入適當(dāng)?shù)脑~， 使 其內(nèi)容通順。 ( 每空格限填一詞)( 本題共5小題;每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分10 分)

Stonehenge is an ancient circle of stones in the south of England .It was 66_________ about 5,000 years ago. There are about 80 stones , and 67_________is about five metres tall. The builders brought them from hills in the east of the country over 200 kilometers away. It was probably a 68_________ to bury dead people, or somewhere to study the stars and the sky at 69_________ . Some of the stones are missing, but it’s 70________ one of the most wonderful sight of the world. It is a wonder also because of this : How did people move these huge pieces of stone from so far ? No one knows the answer.試題答案

I. 1---5 A C D A C 6---10 B C B D D 11---15 A B C A A 16---20 A B B D A

II. 21---25 A B ACD 26---30 C D B B C

III. 31---35 B B C A D 36---40 D B C C D 41---45 B C B A D 46---50 B A C B D

IV. 51---55 GFACB

V. 56. answer 57. enough 58. missed 59. because 60.any

篇3

( ) 14. I’d rather________ than ________ . A. reading books; watching TV B. read books; watch TV C. to read books; watch TV D. read books; to watch TV( ) 15. —Who likes diving deep into the sea in our class ?—_____ . It’s dangerous , ______ of us is brave enough to do that . A. None; no one B. none ; everyone C. no one ; every one D. no one ; none ( ) 16. We had fun in ____ these wonderful magazines. We would have a lot ____. A. read; to talk B. reading; talking C. reading; to talk about D. read; talking about( ) 17.It’s good for you to keep ______ when something difficult needs _______. A. trying, to do B. trying, doing C. to try, to do D. to try, to be done( ) 18. --- Here’s the money I _____ last month. Thank you- Bill, can I get you anything to drink? --- __________ . A. You are welcome B. No problem C. I wouldn't mind a coffee D. Doesn’t matter

二、完形填空 （共10小題；每小題2分，滿(mǎn)分20分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從21–30各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出一個(gè)選項(xiàng), 填在題前括號(hào)內(nèi)。Colour helps you see things. But man and some monkeys and apes（猿） are the only mammals（哺乳動(dòng)物） that can see colour. 21 many other mammals, such as the dog, the world 22 a black-white photo. Dogs hunt mainly by listening and smelling. Like 23 animals, dogs see best when things move. The animals they hunt seem to know this. A rabbit or deer will freeze when they find that they are being hunted. Then the dog 24 see it at all. xkb1.comBirds can see colour. They need to, because when they fly, they need to find places to land. Colour helps them know 25 the place is and what it is like so that they are able to catch flying things in the air or to 26 something they think safe.Some birds see things even 27 than man. The birds that eat bugs（蟲(chóng)子） can see them from far away. And even a very young bird can see a house 28 the sky. So good eyes and being able to see colours help birds 29 food and also help them find out 30 there are other animals that are dangerous to them.( ) 21. A. For B. With C. As D. To ( ) 22. A. seem like B. looks like C. likes D. like ( ) 23. A. other B. the other C. another D. others ( ) 24. A. may not B. should not C. must not D. need not ( ) 25. A. how soon B. how long C. how fast D. how far ( ) 26. A. land B. land on C. land for D. be landed ( ) 27. A. worse B. nearer C. better D. less ( ) 28. A. for B. from C. on D. at ( ) 29. A. look after B. look at C. find D. found ( ) 30. A. what B. when C. if D. how

三、閱讀理解（共20小題；每小題1分，滿(mǎn)分20分）閱讀下面內(nèi)容, 然后從31–50各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出一個(gè)選項(xiàng), 填在題前括號(hào)內(nèi)。 ASarah left school at eighteen, went to college and then worked at a computer company. Four years later, she got a new job as a manager in British Airways（英國(guó)航空公司）. This is what she told us about her job: “My office is at Heathrow Airport, but I spend 60% of my time in the air. I teach air-hostesses and help them with any problems. I also go to lots of meetings.My hours are usually from 8 a.m. to 4 p.m. but sometimes I work from 1 p.m. to 9 p.m. At work, the first thing I do is to check plane times on my computer and then I speak with some of the air-hostesses.Sometimes I go on long flights to check how the air-hostesses are doing. That’s my favourite part of the job, but I like office work, too. Travelling can be hard work. When I get back from a long trip, all I can do is to eat something and then go to bed! I don’t make much money, but I’m happy with British Airways and want to stay there and continue to travel.” 31. Sarah’s first job was .A. at a college B. at a computer companyC. in British Airways D. at Heathrow Airport32. Sarah does most of her work .A. in meetings B. in the computer room C. in the office D. in airplanes33. Most days, Sarah starts work at .A.8 a.m. B.1 p.m. C.4 p.m. D.9 p.m.34. The first thing Sarah does after a long trip is to .A. go to bed B. have a meal C. go to a meeting D. go to the office35. Sarah would like to .A. make more money B. stop traveling C. go to college again D. stay in the same job

篇4

( )1. －Jim， you my dictionary？一Yes， I have.

A. do，see B.did，see C. are seeing D. have，seen

( )2. Grandma likes to books the library.

A. borrow，from B.borrow，to

C. lend，to D. lend， from

( )3. But I can’t find it. I think I it.

A. lose B.am losing C. lost D. have lost

( )4. What was ， Grandma lost more books.

A. bad B.worse C. the worse D. the worst

( )5. How long you in this library？

A. have，worked B.did，worked

C. do，working D. are，working

( )6. － you ever to Shanghai? —Never.

A. Have， gone B.Have，been C. Do， go D. Did，come

( )7. No matter what the weather is like， you can find out riding the waves.

A. surfing B.surfed C. surfers D. surfer

( )8. He not a night off for two months.

A. has，left B.is， away C. has， had D. is， out

( )9. They were very of their son.

A. proud B.proudly C. pride D. prides

( ) 10. I found out that the factory was waste water into the river.

A. pour B.pouring C. pours D. poured

( )11. What you since you joined Greener China？

A. did，do B.do，do C. are，doing D. have，done

( )12. you live， you can do something around your neighborhood.

A. Wherever B.If C. No matter D. What place

( )13. It means you have already done something useful to improve the environment.

A. it B.this C. that D. what

( )14. Do you know their plane leaves Beijing？

A. what time B.where C. whose D. how long

( )15. If a shark stops swimming, it will .

A. stop there B.come up C. go down D. be hungry

II. 完形填空.

先閱讀短文，然后從文后每小題的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出一個(gè)可以填入短文中相應(yīng)空白處的正確答案.

1 morning， Tom goes to work 2 train. As he has a 3 way to go，he 4 buys a newspaper. It helps to make the time 5 more quickly. 6 Thursday morning, he turned to the sports page. He wanted to read the report on an important 7 match. The report was so interesting that he forgot 8 off. He knew this when he looked 9 the window and saw the sea. He got off at 10 station and had 11 a long time for a train back. Of course, he arrived very 12 at the office. His boss was very 13 when he was told 14 Tom was late.

“Work is 15 than football!” he shouted.

( )1. A. Every B. Thursday C. Yesterday D. One

( )2. A. take B. to take C. on D. by

( )3. A. short B. long C. easy D. good

( )4. A. already B. yet C. still D. always

( )5. A. pass B. past C. to pass D. passed

( )6. A. At B. In C. On D. To

( )7. A. basketball B. football C. volleyball D. tennis

( )8. A. get B. getting C. to get D. got

( )9. A. out of B. out C. inside D. into

( )10.A. other B. other C. the other D. the next

( )11.A. to wait B. wait C. waited D. waiting

( )12.A. early B. fast C. quickly D. late

( )13.A. angry B. glad C. happy D. interested

( )14.A. which B. why C. how D. that

( )15.A. much important B. most important

C. more important D. importanter

III. 閱讀理解.

(A)

My name is Paul Miller. Sometimes I am too fat, but lately I do not have this problem. My doctor tells me to jog. So early every morning I run for two miles. I do not run fast, but I do not stop to rest. I jog before breakfast.

People call me a jogger. There are many joggers on my street. We often run together in the park or along the road. Jogging helps to keep us strong and healthy.

Jogging is very popular in the United States. People like to feel well and look nice. When my neighbors and I jog, we help to keep our hearts and legs strong.

Many people do not jog, but they do not get fat. They work hard on their jobs and they do not need to run before they go to work.

Diets are also popular. People on diets do not eat many foods that will make them fat. They learn to eat fruits and vegetables instead of candy or cakes.

My doctor tells me to eat only three meals a day. A diet is not necessary if I do not eat between meals. Some people like to eat many times a day. This is called snacking.

I feel healthy and my doctor is happy because I jog every day and I do not snack in the evening or after breakfast.

( )1. Jogging is a king of sport. One has the sport with .

A. hands B. legs C. head D. back

( )2. What’s the result after Paul Miller has jogged?

A. He seems to be very thin. B. He can eat much.

C. He doesn’t look fat. D. He becomes fat.

( )3. Jogging can’t help us to .

A. get fat B. be strong C. be healthy D. look nice

( )4. If you snack， you will surely eat something .

A. full of meat B. with fruits and vegetables

C. quickly D. in the evening or after breakfast

( )5. “Diet” in the passage means “ ” in Chinese.

A. 規(guī)定的食物 B. 肉類(lèi)食物

C. 運(yùn)動(dòng)食物 D. 水果類(lèi)食物

(B)

Nov. 10， 1998

Francis，

Hello！How are you？ It was good to hear from you. Have the flood waters gone down?

The hurricanes (the big winds) have not hit us very hard. We did not have school one day because we thought Hurricane George was going to hit us, but it only rained. We also got rain from Hurricane Mitch. Now the weather is mostly in the 70s(Fahrenheit). It stays warm in Florida all year long.

I just got back from visiting my sister in Tennessee. I applied for teaching jobs up there because I’d really like to move up there after I graduate in May.

I hope this letter finds you healthy and happy.

Mandy Hamilton

( )6. “Hurricane” means a kind of .

A. rain B. cloud C. snow D. wind

( )7. The weather in Florida is almost every day.

A. warm B. hot C. cool D. cold

( )8. Mandy is a now.

A. student B. teacher C. worker D. doctor

( )9. She will graduate in months.

A. 5 B. 6 C. 10 D. 11

( )10. She wants to work in .

A. Washington B. New York C. Florida D. Tennessee

IV. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換

1. She said to Grandma，“Put a bookmark in every borrowed book. ”(變近義句)

She asked Grandma a bookmark in of the borrowed .

2. She has learned twenty songs so far. (就劃線提問(wèn))

she learned so far？

3. My uncle joined the army two years ago. (變近義句)

My uncle for two years.

4. He is busy， but he’11 have time tomorrow. (變簡(jiǎn)單句)

He tomorrow.

5. How long are we going to be away？

Could you tell us？(合二為一)

Could you tell us going to be away？

V. 句意填空

1. I’ve just finished r the book.

2. He became the youngest person ever to cross the channel b Hainan Island and the mainland.

3. The world will become much m beautiful.

4. First d left click on the internet icon, then type in the e-mail address.

5. I’ve been surfing for 4 years. My father t me how to surf.

VI. 書(shū)面表達(dá)

要求提示：你曾經(jīng)乘過(guò)飛機(jī)旅行嗎？人們認(rèn)為它是最快的和最危險(xiǎn)的旅行方式。曾偉庭是一名學(xué)生，他從飛機(jī)上跳下，高度為3，000米。在開(kāi)始跳時(shí)他太緊張而不能說(shuō)一句話(huà)。起初他以每秒60米的速度下落，接著傘張開(kāi)了。他高興地返回地面。

參考詞語(yǔ)：①travel by air ②way to travel

③drop from the plane ④3，000 metres high

⑤too nervous to say a word ⑥drop at 60 metres a second

⑦be opened ⑧be happy to come back

參考答案

【同步達(dá)綱練習(xí)】

I. 1－5 D A D B A 6－10 B C C A B 11－15 D A C A C

II. A D B D A C B C A D A D A B C

III. (A)B C A D A (B)D A A B D

IV. 1. to put each books 2 How many songs has 3. has been a soldier

篇5

一、滲透在教材中的習(xí)慣養(yǎng)成教育

以英語(yǔ)八年級(jí)上冊(cè)為例。

二、滲透在教學(xué)中的習(xí)慣養(yǎng)成教育

1. 表率作用滲透習(xí)慣養(yǎng)成教育。英語(yǔ)屬于語(yǔ)言學(xué)科，模仿性會(huì)比其他學(xué)科強(qiáng)一些，教師的口型、口音、書(shū)寫(xiě)、動(dòng)作等，學(xué)生都在模仿，甚至?xí)７陆處煹牧?xí)慣、品格。在課堂內(nèi)，教師要有親切豐富的表情、端莊自然的教態(tài)、敏捷嚴(yán)密的思維、純正優(yōu)美的語(yǔ)音、規(guī)范漂亮的板書(shū)。在課外，教師最好能跟學(xué)生談天說(shuō)地，談中國(guó)如何加入WTO、比爾·蓋茨如何發(fā)跡、談生活、談前途。

2. 課堂教學(xué)滲透習(xí)慣養(yǎng)成教育。教師要認(rèn)真設(shè)計(jì)教學(xué)過(guò)程，千方百計(jì)創(chuàng)設(shè)有情趣的情景教學(xué)，努力提高課堂教學(xué)的有效性。例如在學(xué)習(xí)電話(huà)用語(yǔ)時(shí)，教會(huì)學(xué)生正確使用禮貌語(yǔ)言，如在拿起話(huà)筒時(shí)不是問(wèn)“Who are you？”而是先說(shuō)“Hello”.在對(duì)話(huà)時(shí)多用些“I’m sorry.” “Thank you.”等文明禮貌用語(yǔ)。

3. 課外體驗(yàn)滲透習(xí)慣養(yǎng)成教育。教師應(yīng)充分挖掘課外時(shí)間，開(kāi)展第二課堂活動(dòng)，以增加學(xué)生的知識(shí)面，多方面、多層次滲透習(xí)慣養(yǎng)成教育，如開(kāi)展英語(yǔ)興趣小組、開(kāi)辟英語(yǔ)角、收聽(tīng)英語(yǔ)廣播、觀看英語(yǔ)錄像等等，讓學(xué)生在各種氣氛和多種情景下接受教育與熏陶。

4. 結(jié)合實(shí)際滲透習(xí)慣養(yǎng)成教育。英語(yǔ)教材內(nèi)容都有文道結(jié)合的教育性，教師只要精心研究，就可挖掘文中思想內(nèi)涵與學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)、生活相聯(lián)系的題材，使學(xué)生耳濡目染，潛移默化。如學(xué)到交通話(huà)題時(shí)，應(yīng)教育學(xué)生遵守交通規(guī)則以及增強(qiáng)自身安全意識(shí)，引導(dǎo)學(xué)生在社會(huì)上成為一名合格的公民，并身體力行，以自己的行為來(lái)感染周?chē)娜恕?/p>

篇6

關(guān)鍵詞： 初三英語(yǔ) "四位一體" 復(fù)習(xí)教學(xué)法

要搞好初三英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)，使學(xué)生能牢固掌握所學(xué)知識(shí)，并能靈活運(yùn)用，就不能只是停留在對(duì)所學(xué)知識(shí)的簡(jiǎn)單重復(fù)上，而應(yīng)針對(duì)考點(diǎn)、教材的重點(diǎn)、學(xué)生的難點(diǎn)、特別是平時(shí)學(xué)生易混淆的知識(shí)點(diǎn)進(jìn)行復(fù)習(xí)，在復(fù)習(xí)中讓學(xué)生自己質(zhì)疑、自己討論、辯論、自己歸納和總結(jié)所學(xué)的知識(shí)，讓學(xué)生從被動(dòng)接受到主動(dòng)獲得知識(shí)，主動(dòng)參與學(xué)習(xí)，打破老師"滿(mǎn)堂灌"、"填鴨式"、"炒剩飯"和"題海戰(zhàn)術(shù)"的復(fù)習(xí)模式，培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的理解運(yùn)用、分析綜合能力，使其在實(shí)踐中掌握語(yǔ)言現(xiàn)象和規(guī)律，增強(qiáng)學(xué)習(xí)能力，提高學(xué)生的素質(zhì)。多年來(lái)，本人一直從事初三的英語(yǔ)教學(xué)工作，如何在短時(shí)間內(nèi)搞好初三英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí)，對(duì)運(yùn)用"四位一體"復(fù)習(xí)教學(xué)法及其"十六字"教學(xué)原則有以下幾點(diǎn)體會(huì)。

一、 階段訓(xùn)練的操作建議

1． 在課本詞匯方面的復(fù)習(xí)中。每個(gè)單元的重要詞匯，短語(yǔ)，句型在師生雙邊活動(dòng)中進(jìn)行歸納精講，做到"詞不離句"、"句不離篇"，在活的語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中才能更熟練的理解和掌握詞匯。下面將初一英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)的重點(diǎn)句型作一個(gè)歸納總結(jié)，以便學(xué)生能更好的記憶，鞏固所學(xué)內(nèi)容，盡快提高復(fù)習(xí)效果。

2. 課本內(nèi)容方面。不能采用"快速講一遍課本"的方式，應(yīng)采用問(wèn)答式，討論式的復(fù)習(xí)方法，教師就重點(diǎn)提問(wèn)，學(xué)生回答，討論或?qū)W生就一些知識(shí)點(diǎn)提問(wèn)，教師解答等方式進(jìn)行有針對(duì)的講練。這樣，不但訓(xùn)練了學(xué)生的口語(yǔ)，而且對(duì)學(xué)生做閱讀和寫(xiě)作題很有幫助。如：在做閱讀理解題時(shí)，通常是采用多種方法復(fù)習(xí)，而最為常用的是：回答問(wèn)題；翻譯劃線句子；7選5填空題型等等。

3. 語(yǔ)法的復(fù)習(xí)。根據(jù)課本的內(nèi)容和語(yǔ)法內(nèi)容的難易度，歸納為專(zhuān)題練習(xí)。如：名詞復(fù)數(shù)專(zhuān)題

練習(xí)；數(shù)詞的專(zhuān)題練習(xí)；動(dòng)詞的八種時(shí)態(tài)專(zhuān)題練習(xí)；形容詞、副詞的比較等級(jí)專(zhuān)

題練習(xí)；動(dòng)詞不定式專(zhuān)題練習(xí)；賓語(yǔ)從句專(zhuān)題練習(xí)等等。做完練習(xí)后，立即校對(duì)

答案，讓同學(xué)們自己發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題，解決疑難和錯(cuò)誤處，這種點(diǎn)面結(jié)合的、總結(jié)性的

綜合復(fù)習(xí)，確實(shí)可以收到較好的復(fù)習(xí)效果，事實(shí)也證明如此。另外，其它的語(yǔ)法

也大都采用類(lèi)似的復(fù)習(xí)方法。我們強(qiáng)調(diào)的是，一定要讓學(xué)生一點(diǎn)一點(diǎn)積累，扎扎

實(shí)實(shí)突破，實(shí)實(shí)在在提高。

4. 聽(tīng)力訓(xùn)練。精選二十套緊扣教材，又與中考題型完全接軌的材料，重點(diǎn)應(yīng)放在情境反應(yīng)上，它較能綜合地反映學(xué)生的聽(tīng)音能力及聽(tīng)力理解能力，同時(shí)告訴學(xué)生做聽(tīng)力題一些的技巧：

二、"精講精練"的教學(xué)復(fù)習(xí)法

1. 精講要以"大綱"為準(zhǔn)繩。精講中要把精力放在知識(shí)的重難點(diǎn)、疑點(diǎn)和關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)上，把功夫下在知識(shí)的內(nèi)在聯(lián)系上。訓(xùn)練學(xué)生聞一知百，舉一反三的能力，教師要使用精練的語(yǔ)言，講透知識(shí)的精華所在，起到畫(huà)龍點(diǎn)睛的作用。在初三英語(yǔ)復(fù)習(xí)中，除把零散的知識(shí)加以分類(lèi)歸納總結(jié)外，更重要的一環(huán)是由"點(diǎn)"到"線"，由"線"到"面"，達(dá)到知識(shí)的全面性、教學(xué)的整體性，讓學(xué)生全面系統(tǒng)地達(dá)到學(xué)習(xí)目的。例如：在復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)態(tài)專(zhuān)題練習(xí)時(shí)，先印發(fā)一張有代表性的一系列時(shí)態(tài)填空讓學(xué)生做，在學(xué)生完成之后，給他們總結(jié)動(dòng)詞填空的規(guī)律，要確定正確的動(dòng)詞形式，必須根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)、上下文、主從句的關(guān)系、根據(jù)語(yǔ)言習(xí)慣來(lái)定，也要注意語(yǔ)態(tài)和動(dòng)詞的非謂語(yǔ)形式。然后又發(fā)給學(xué)生一張表格對(duì)初中要求掌握的八種時(shí)態(tài)，分名稱(chēng)，用法，結(jié)構(gòu)，助動(dòng)詞，常用詞及例句的格式打印，告訴他們做題的技巧，即做到一看二選三套：一看常用詞；二選正確時(shí)態(tài)，三套結(jié)構(gòu)。

1． 一看二選三套： 一看常用詞，二選正確時(shí)態(tài)，三套結(jié)構(gòu)

2． 記準(zhǔn)每個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)，尤其注意每個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)的助動(dòng)詞，可以記一些小口訣

3． 常用詞，助動(dòng)詞，現(xiàn)在分詞，過(guò)去分詞都要記清楚，以便做題無(wú)誤

4． 注意一些交際用語(yǔ)和習(xí)慣搭配。附上練習(xí)，馬上鞏固，效果顯著。如：

練習(xí)： 單選正確答案

1. The little girl often ___the piano and she ____ the piano tomorrow evening.

A. play,is playing B.playing,was playing C.plays, will play

2. What are the girls doing ? They are ____ the music.

A.listening to B.省略ing from D.looking for

3. The ticket is on the floor. Please ____.

A.pick up it B.pick up them C.pick it up D.pick them up

4. He came early this morning, didn''t he?

Yes, he did. He often ____ to school early.省略e es C.came D.has come

5. Can I ___ your bike? With pleasure. But you mustn''t ___ it to others.

A.lend,borrow B.borrow,lend C.carry,lend D.borrow,keep

6. He has ___ the match. Congratulations!

A.watched B.joined C.won D.lost

7. The children ____to the driver, but he did not ____ them.

A.listened,hear B.shouted,listened C.heard,listened

8. All the teachers are working hard. Do you _____ me ?

A.go on with B.catch up with C.agree with D.think of

9. He could ____ neither French nor German. So I ____ with him in English.

A.speak,talked B.talked,told C.say,spoke D.tell,talked

10. Where have you been? Oh, I ____Canada.

A.have been to B.has gone to C.have gone to D.have gone

通過(guò)這一專(zhuān)題練習(xí)，學(xué)生對(duì)這八種時(shí)態(tài)了解得很清楚，不再糊里糊涂，做題也不亂猜亂選了?？傊?，在一定量的練習(xí)中，教師要針對(duì)學(xué)生的具體情況，精心設(shè)計(jì)，精心備課，該復(fù)習(xí)的內(nèi)容在課堂上講深講透，學(xué)生掌握比較好的內(nèi)容可以用"惜墨如金"來(lái)形容。然后用"四位一體" 練習(xí)來(lái)檢測(cè)，再一次發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)生存在的問(wèn)題。這樣就能對(duì)癥下藥，學(xué)生復(fù)習(xí)也有依有據(jù)，復(fù)習(xí)起 來(lái)也比較比較輕松，進(jìn)步亦更快。

2. 精講了還需要精練，才能收到良好的復(fù)習(xí)效果

教師要精選一些習(xí)題，讓學(xué)生從"題海"中擺脫出來(lái)，在復(fù)習(xí)中提倡"精

練"，解決負(fù)擔(dān)過(guò)重的問(wèn)題。此外教師還可以對(duì)現(xiàn)有成套的英語(yǔ)試題通過(guò)"挖補(bǔ)"或"拼盤(pán)"等手段加以改編。在練完一套試題后，教師要及時(shí)評(píng)判， 找出問(wèn)題，并對(duì)這些問(wèn)題進(jìn)行診斷。

A：對(duì)于普遍存在的問(wèn)題，教師要及時(shí)講解；B：對(duì)于個(gè)別現(xiàn)象，教師要通過(guò)課外輔導(dǎo)進(jìn)行個(gè)別講解；C：對(duì)于學(xué)生沒(méi)有弄清的重要知識(shí)，則要對(duì)其試題做變形處理或改變題型，編入下套試題中。

在精練的過(guò)程中，每次練習(xí)要體現(xiàn)知識(shí)難易層次。練習(xí)要有計(jì)劃、有步驟，要遵循由簡(jiǎn)到繁、由易到難、由淺及深的原則, 要分層導(dǎo)練等等。總之，精講精練，省時(shí)高效可以減輕學(xué)生的課業(yè)負(fù)擔(dān)，把更多的時(shí)間還給學(xué)生，有利于學(xué)生對(duì)知識(shí)的消化吸收，學(xué)生在對(duì)知識(shí)系統(tǒng)化、條理化、網(wǎng)絡(luò)化的基礎(chǔ)上，分析問(wèn)題和解決問(wèn)題的能力也相應(yīng)得到提高，從而實(shí)現(xiàn)良性循環(huán)，達(dá)到提高復(fù)習(xí)課質(zhì)量的目的。

三. 五技并舉

復(fù)習(xí)的過(guò)程中，教師要培養(yǎng)學(xué)生一種尋找規(guī)律、掌握方法、解決問(wèn)題的能力，要開(kāi)啟學(xué)生的智慧，使其能觸類(lèi)旁通，在鞏固知識(shí)的同時(shí)發(fā)展能力。綜合訓(xùn)練是對(duì)階段訓(xùn)練中及專(zhuān)項(xiàng)訓(xùn)練中的重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)、疑點(diǎn)、盲點(diǎn)進(jìn)行全面的總結(jié)和針對(duì)性訓(xùn)練。模擬訓(xùn)練是在考前所作的"全真"模擬練兵，以達(dá)到考前"熱身"目的，并讓學(xué)生有一個(gè)輕松的心境參加正式的中考。

總之，要使復(fù)習(xí)收到良好的效果，提高復(fù)習(xí)的效率，關(guān)鍵要調(diào)動(dòng)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)積極性、主動(dòng)性和創(chuàng)造性。作為教師要不斷加強(qiáng)自身素質(zhì)修養(yǎng)，不斷改進(jìn)教學(xué)方法，豐富教學(xué)手段，摒棄填鴨式的傳統(tǒng)知識(shí)講解模式，不斷學(xué)習(xí)，不斷創(chuàng)新，敢于創(chuàng)新，努力提高復(fù)習(xí)效率。實(shí)踐證明，英語(yǔ)"四位一體"復(fù)習(xí)教學(xué)方法有其獨(dú)到之處，按照這一方法復(fù)習(xí)確實(shí)能使學(xué)生復(fù)習(xí)得比較輕松，進(jìn)步快，在中考中取得良好成績(jī)。

參考文獻(xiàn)

[1]《全日制初、高級(jí)中學(xué)英語(yǔ)教學(xué)大綱》

篇7

教師在應(yīng)對(duì)這種初高中教學(xué)銜接“脫軌”問(wèn)題的時(shí)候，只有具備相關(guān)的理論知識(shí)，才能有效分析問(wèn)題，解決問(wèn)題。

國(guó)外對(duì)于銜接階段的研究主要基于皮亞杰的認(rèn)知發(fā)展理論。皮亞杰在對(duì)兒童智慧研究過(guò)程中發(fā)現(xiàn)：兒童的認(rèn)知發(fā)展是一個(gè)連續(xù)建構(gòu)的過(guò)程，每個(gè)階段都會(huì)在前一個(gè)階段即學(xué)生原有的認(rèn)知水平、知識(shí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)的基礎(chǔ)上進(jìn)行調(diào)整、改組，以適應(yīng)新的環(huán)境，從而上升到新的水平或形成新的系統(tǒng)。①因此，教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)該立足于學(xué)生已有的知識(shí)基礎(chǔ)，創(chuàng)設(shè)適切的教學(xué)情境，誘導(dǎo)學(xué)生利用已有經(jīng)驗(yàn)獲得新的知識(shí)。在這個(gè)過(guò)程中，如果教學(xué)過(guò)度超越學(xué)生現(xiàn)有知識(shí)水平，將不利于學(xué)生在新階段的認(rèn)知發(fā)展。由此可見(jiàn)，高一英語(yǔ)教學(xué)設(shè)計(jì)應(yīng)在初三的基礎(chǔ)上循序漸進(jìn)，不能拔苗助長(zhǎng)。

在教學(xué)實(shí)踐中，以英、美為代表的西方國(guó)家，在二十世紀(jì)六十年代，曾經(jīng)創(chuàng)立過(guò)“中間學(xué)校（middle school）”。 這一學(xué)校形態(tài)主要作為初小和高中之間的一種教學(xué)補(bǔ)充，其目的是為了適應(yīng)該階段學(xué)生的心理發(fā)展及其學(xué)習(xí)特點(diǎn)，幫助他們更好地適應(yīng)高中學(xué)習(xí)，以便提高學(xué)習(xí)效果。為此，美國(guó)還專(zhuān)門(mén)成立了全國(guó)中間學(xué)校協(xié)會(huì)（National Middle School Association， NMSA）制定出具體的教學(xué)組織形式和教學(xué)活動(dòng)內(nèi)容。

可見(jiàn)，銜接教學(xué)有其理論依據(jù)和實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)。如果忽視銜接教學(xué)的重要性或直接回避銜接教學(xué)階段，將給今后的教學(xué)工作帶來(lái)隱患。

一、初高中英語(yǔ)教學(xué)銜接存在的問(wèn)題

1. 學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境差異導(dǎo)致學(xué)生“水土不服”

進(jìn)入新的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境，高一新生總會(huì)不自覺(jué)地把高中環(huán)境和初中環(huán)境進(jìn)行對(duì)比。高中部作為初中部的“升級(jí)版”，是各所初中校學(xué)生經(jīng)過(guò)淘汰選拔后匯集的學(xué)府。細(xì)心的學(xué)生也會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)，各路英語(yǔ)“學(xué)霸”云集在此，心理會(huì)不自覺(jué)地發(fā)生微妙的變化。再者，高一學(xué)生通常要面對(duì)九門(mén)功課，相對(duì)初中來(lái)說(shuō)，學(xué)科增多了不少，學(xué)習(xí)任務(wù)也繁重了。而原先班級(jí)熟悉的面孔不見(jiàn)了，心理的一些小糾結(jié)和學(xué)習(xí)困惑也無(wú)人訴說(shuō)。

英語(yǔ)學(xué)科更重視基礎(chǔ)的建構(gòu)，如果高一學(xué)生長(zhǎng)久地停留在心理上的“水土不服”期，不能及時(shí)調(diào)整心態(tài)，將會(huì)對(duì)后續(xù)的英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)造成很大影響。

2.教材差異導(dǎo)致學(xué)生“消化不良”

以北京仁愛(ài)版初三英語(yǔ)教材為例，上冊(cè)有四個(gè)模塊單元，下冊(cè)為兩個(gè)模塊單元。每個(gè)模塊由單元—話(huà)題—功能—任務(wù)構(gòu)成，符合初中生的認(rèn)知發(fā)展規(guī)律。教材充分利用可愛(ài)的卡通形象，簡(jiǎn)練生動(dòng)的語(yǔ)言，使學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)中倍感輕松。②初中英語(yǔ)教材中，語(yǔ)言的輸入素材多以對(duì)話(huà)和短文形式出現(xiàn)，篇章簡(jiǎn)潔、明了，適合學(xué)生朗讀和背誦，語(yǔ)言教學(xué)側(cè)重模仿記憶。

高中英語(yǔ)教材（以人教版為例）中，各個(gè)單元圍繞核心話(huà)題組織和安排聽(tīng)說(shuō)讀寫(xiě)等活動(dòng)任務(wù)，目的是讓學(xué)生通過(guò)親身參與和實(shí)踐來(lái)感悟、體驗(yàn)英語(yǔ)，發(fā)展語(yǔ)言的綜合運(yùn)用能力。③可見(jiàn)，高中英語(yǔ)教材已經(jīng)開(kāi)始從初中教材倡導(dǎo)的以模仿為主的接受式學(xué)習(xí)轉(zhuǎn)向引導(dǎo)學(xué)生通過(guò)發(fā)現(xiàn)、推測(cè)、理解、內(nèi)化等自我建構(gòu)的主動(dòng)學(xué)習(xí)，培養(yǎng)綜合運(yùn)用語(yǔ)言的能力。   [本文由wWw.dYLw.NEt提供，第 一論文 網(wǎng)專(zhuān)業(yè)寫(xiě)作職稱(chēng)論文和畢業(yè) 論文以及服務(wù)，歡迎光臨DYlw.ne T]

從學(xué)生的認(rèn)知角度來(lái)說(shuō)，他們體會(huì)最深的就是高中各單元詞匯量增多了，生詞變長(zhǎng)了，詞匯用法多了。且課文篇幅長(zhǎng)度加長(zhǎng)，有些句子結(jié)構(gòu)難以理解，而這些詞匯、篇章都必須在有限的時(shí)間內(nèi)掌握。因此容易造成學(xué)生知識(shí)點(diǎn)堆積，產(chǎn)生“消化不良”的癥狀。

3.學(xué)習(xí)策略差異導(dǎo)致學(xué)生“顧此失彼”

基于初中英語(yǔ)教材的特點(diǎn)，學(xué)生在初中英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中多采用模仿的學(xué)習(xí)策略，他們常通過(guò)背誦和默寫(xiě)的形式來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)語(yǔ)言知識(shí)。初中語(yǔ)言點(diǎn)和語(yǔ)法點(diǎn)相對(duì)較少，進(jìn)入初三后，學(xué)生只要通過(guò)一定量的有針對(duì)性的練習(xí)，進(jìn)行強(qiáng)化鞏固，就可立竿見(jiàn)影，取得較好的成績(jī)。而進(jìn)入高中后，由于科目眾多，學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間明顯不足。高中教材中的課文篇幅長(zhǎng)，單位時(shí)間教學(xué)容量大，要求掌握的知識(shí)點(diǎn)多，如果學(xué)生還停留在初中那種通過(guò)背誦來(lái)記憶學(xué)習(xí)的階段，將無(wú)法適應(yīng)高中英語(yǔ)課程學(xué)習(xí)。這也是為什么有許多學(xué)生反饋，學(xué)了后面的知識(shí)，忘記了前面的知識(shí)，造成“顧此失彼”的尷尬局面。

4.教師教法差異導(dǎo)致學(xué)生“無(wú)所適從”

初中教材適合初中生愛(ài)熱鬧，愛(ài)表現(xiàn)的心理特點(diǎn)。教師在教學(xué)風(fēng)格上，相對(duì)高中更顯活潑。因此，在聽(tīng)課的時(shí)候，常?？梢钥吹匠踔姓n堂活躍的氣氛和學(xué)生熱烈討論的場(chǎng)面。課堂上學(xué)生參與度高，教師在講臺(tái)上也放得開(kāi)，激情洋溢。在這方面，高中英語(yǔ)教師相對(duì)顯得較為“嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)”，這主要是因?yàn)榻虒W(xué)任務(wù)重，進(jìn)度緊，教師在課堂上更側(cè)重于培養(yǎng)學(xué)生運(yùn)用英語(yǔ)對(duì)問(wèn)題進(jìn)行分析進(jìn)而解決問(wèn)題的能力，所以課堂表現(xiàn)較為“一本正經(jīng)”。兩種風(fēng)格迥異的教法，往往讓剛剛接觸高中的學(xué)生“無(wú)所適從”。

二、初高中英語(yǔ)銜接教學(xué)存在問(wèn)題的對(duì)策

1.知己知彼，良師益友

教師在面對(duì)高一新生時(shí)，應(yīng)盡快了解各個(gè)學(xué)生的性格特點(diǎn)。如果教師能夠準(zhǔn)確地叫出學(xué)生姓名，就可以迅速拉近學(xué)生和教師之間的距離，讓他們倍感親近，所謂“親其師信其道”就是這個(gè)道理。在這個(gè)階段，教師可以在課堂上適當(dāng)展開(kāi)一些英語(yǔ)游戲活動(dòng)，為學(xué)生提供表現(xiàn)機(jī)會(huì)。高中教材中的warming up就可以充分利用起來(lái)，通過(guò)brainstorm或提問(wèn)開(kāi)放性問(wèn)題，鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生積極參與課堂活動(dòng)，將有助于學(xué)生融入到新集體中。在這個(gè)階段，特別要重視給學(xué)生鼓勵(lì)和啟發(fā)，這可有效地幫助學(xué)生走出心理“不適應(yīng)期”。

成功的英語(yǔ)教師往往是那些善于開(kāi)發(fā)學(xué)生非智力因素的導(dǎo)師，同時(shí)他們也是學(xué)生的知心朋友。

2.查缺補(bǔ)漏，循序漸進(jìn)

在新學(xué)期初，組織學(xué)生進(jìn)行英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)檢測(cè)。通過(guò)摸底，教師可以及時(shí)發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題，做好查缺補(bǔ)漏的準(zhǔn)備工作。根據(jù)檢測(cè)到的問(wèn)題 ，利用一周時(shí)間進(jìn)行銜接教學(xué)， 起到“撥亂反正”的效果。許多高中教師舍不得在課堂上花時(shí)間把學(xué)生初中遺留下來(lái)的問(wèn)題進(jìn)行歸納和梳理，總想著以后有時(shí)間再說(shuō)。這會(huì)使得一些問(wèn)題越積越多，反而影響到今后的教學(xué)進(jìn)度。

在教學(xué)上，教師應(yīng)謹(jǐn)慎選擇教輔材料，如果在高一階段就套用高考“真題”對(duì)學(xué)生進(jìn)行“試練”“打磨”，容易誤導(dǎo)學(xué)生。此時(shí)學(xué)生的詞匯量還明顯不足，語(yǔ)法還未經(jīng)過(guò)系統(tǒng)歸納。因此，教師在選用教輔材料時(shí)候，一定要?jiǎng)佑眉瘋浣M的力量，斟酌鑒定材料或自行編制校本教材。選擇或編制階段目標(biāo)明確、難度適中，循序漸進(jìn)的材料，這樣才能真正起到事半功倍的效果。

3.承前啟后，固本培元

高一階段應(yīng)該為學(xué)生今后的學(xué)習(xí)打下良好的基礎(chǔ)。語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的階段性主要體現(xiàn)在：先模仿再運(yùn)用。初中階段學(xué)生主要通過(guò)語(yǔ)言模仿來(lái)學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)，而高中階段英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)側(cè)重學(xué)生語(yǔ)言運(yùn)用能力的培養(yǎng)。因此教學(xué)上偏重于文章結(jié)構(gòu)和句子成分分析，傾向于語(yǔ)法教學(xué)。在這個(gè)階段中，許多教師反而忽視了單詞記憶和句子背誦，認(rèn)為教學(xué)重點(diǎn)應(yīng)該放在運(yùn)用上面，這導(dǎo)致了部分學(xué)生語(yǔ)法學(xué)不精，單詞又記不牢。當(dāng)詞匯問(wèn)題積累到一定程度，成績(jī)必然不斷下降。眾所周知，英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)必須依靠大量的語(yǔ)言素材輸入，而詞匯是根本語(yǔ)料，《普通高中英語(yǔ)新課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（實(shí)驗(yàn)稿）》中規(guī)定，高中生（八級(jí)）課外閱讀量應(yīng)達(dá)到30萬(wàn)詞以上。④缺乏語(yǔ)言積累將使得以后的學(xué)習(xí)成為“無(wú)源之水，無(wú)本之木”。

因此，教師在高一教學(xué)初始階段，應(yīng)當(dāng)采用與初中教學(xué)方法對(duì)接的教學(xué)方式，繼續(xù)狠抓詞匯教學(xué)，要求學(xué)生能夠準(zhǔn)確拼寫(xiě)、正確運(yùn)用。其間再穿插培養(yǎng)學(xué)生的語(yǔ)法意識(shí)，不能本末倒置。

4.習(xí)慣養(yǎng)成，厚積薄發(fā)

初中教材內(nèi)容簡(jiǎn)潔，許多語(yǔ)言知識(shí)在課堂上通過(guò)反復(fù)操練就可以掌握，因此許多初中生沒(méi)有做筆記的習(xí)慣。到高中，每節(jié)課教學(xué)容量大，知識(shí)點(diǎn)多，這時(shí)候需要督促學(xué)生做好筆記，以利于課后進(jìn)行復(fù)習(xí)鞏固。“好記憶不如爛筆頭”，課堂筆記可以幫助學(xué)生及時(shí)回顧課堂內(nèi)容，特別是考試前夕，復(fù)習(xí)筆記有利于學(xué)生對(duì)知識(shí)進(jìn)行梳理和消化。在復(fù)習(xí)階段，學(xué)生應(yīng)該注意把錯(cuò)題進(jìn)行總結(jié)和回顧。教師在平常教學(xué)中要有意識(shí)地進(jìn)行易錯(cuò)題講解，以此修復(fù)學(xué)生薄弱環(huán)節(jié)，幫助學(xué)生鞏固強(qiáng)化知識(shí)。高一階段還要鼓勵(lì)學(xué)生摘錄和背誦好詞好句，平常積累多了，考場(chǎng)上提取信息的速度自然更加迅捷。

5.量體裁衣，勝券在握

許多英語(yǔ)教師認(rèn)為高一新生入學(xué)，應(yīng)該給他們一個(gè)“殺威棒”。因此有意拔高考試難度，目的是讓學(xué)生今后更加努力地投入到英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)中。然而，結(jié)果常常適得其反。許多學(xué)生本來(lái)就對(duì)高中英語(yǔ)學(xué)習(xí)心存顧慮，擔(dān)心考試不過(guò)關(guān)。一些試卷中的閱讀題目甚至使用了高三統(tǒng)考試題，生詞多，難以理解。學(xué)生在做題中，連猜帶蒙，做得云里霧里。這種試卷不僅自身效度低，也極大損害了學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)積極性和學(xué)習(xí)熱情。特別是一些試卷根本沒(méi)考到本階段學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容，造成考非所學(xué)，勤奮學(xué)習(xí)卻得不到“收獲”，學(xué)生挫折感不斷累積，甚至產(chǎn)生無(wú)助感，這些都需要英語(yǔ)教師特別注意。

有效的試題應(yīng)該是讓學(xué)生“跳一跳”就可以摸到“果實(shí)”，這種考試才能激發(fā)學(xué)生的興趣和斗志。只有讓學(xué)生看到目標(biāo)和希望，他們才會(huì)加倍努力。  [本文由wWw.dYLw.NEt提供，第 一論文 網(wǎng)專(zhuān)業(yè)寫(xiě)作職稱(chēng)論文和畢業(yè) 論文以及服務(wù)，歡迎光臨DYlw.ne T]

三、總結(jié)

高一英語(yǔ)教學(xué)是初中英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的延伸，教師要學(xué)會(huì)用巧勁，扶學(xué)生一把，幫助他們平穩(wěn)度過(guò)初高中銜接的關(guān)鍵期。把初高中的教學(xué)空隙盡量縮緊，而不是無(wú)意擴(kuò)大，變成無(wú)法逾越的鴻溝，導(dǎo)致部分學(xué)生“望洋（文）興嘆”。

要實(shí)現(xiàn)真正的完美對(duì)接，高中英語(yǔ)教師不能對(duì)初中教學(xué)法和學(xué)生學(xué)情視而不見(jiàn)，更不能割裂兩個(gè)學(xué)段的教學(xué)。教師必須兩頭兼顧，自然銜接，才能高效地實(shí)現(xiàn)教學(xué)目標(biāo)。

參考文獻(xiàn)：

篇8

實(shí)踐對(duì)象：我市一名初中二年級(jí)學(xué)生，本人的表弟（學(xué)習(xí)成績(jī)較差）;

實(shí)踐目的：對(duì)該生初中兩年所學(xué)英語(yǔ)知識(shí)作全面復(fù)習(xí)、鞏固、提高，使其對(duì)即將學(xué)習(xí)的初三年級(jí)的知識(shí)作初步了解；

實(shí)踐過(guò)程：

在整個(gè)過(guò)程的起初的兩三天里，我并未貿(mào)然進(jìn)行實(shí)質(zhì)性的教學(xué)活動(dòng)。我首先翻閱了該生一學(xué)期的作業(yè)及考試試卷，又向其家長(zhǎng)了解了一些情況，我對(duì)該生的基本情況有了初步掌握：由于該生一直住校，家長(zhǎng)管理較少，造成學(xué)習(xí)上的長(zhǎng)期松懈，基礎(chǔ)較差，針對(duì)上述情況，我為該生制定了一個(gè)“夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)—逐步提高—超前學(xué)習(xí)”分三步走的輔導(dǎo)計(jì)劃：

第一階段“夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)”：

讓其練習(xí)26個(gè)英文字母的認(rèn)讀和書(shū)寫(xiě)：

因?yàn)樵撋臅?shū)寫(xiě)不過(guò)關(guān)，所以我手把手地教他寫(xiě)好每一個(gè)字母

……

通過(guò)大概一周（一周五天，每天兩小時(shí)。下同）的練習(xí)后，該生對(duì)26個(gè)認(rèn)讀和書(shū)寫(xiě)的速度和準(zhǔn)確度都達(dá)到了令人滿(mǎn)意的程度。我認(rèn)為這一階段的教學(xué)沒(méi)有多少方法和技巧的講究，關(guān)鍵在于熟練程度，即所謂 “熟能生巧”。所以在這兩周時(shí)間里，我每天都拿一些自己制作的字母卡讓他加深印象、鞏固效果。

因?yàn)槭浅踔袑W(xué)生比較頑皮，為了提高他的學(xué)習(xí)興趣，我上網(wǎng)找了好多有關(guān)英語(yǔ)的電影和短片給他看。這樣一來(lái)，既達(dá)到提高他學(xué)習(xí)興趣的目的，又使他對(duì)這26個(gè)英文字母印象深刻，同時(shí)也鍛煉了聽(tīng)力。

上述幾步進(jìn)行，耗時(shí)看起來(lái)長(zhǎng)了一些，但我認(rèn)為“磨刀不誤砍柴功”，只有夯實(shí)基礎(chǔ)，才能將后面的教學(xué)順利地進(jìn)行下去。

第二階段為“逐步提高”階段（耗時(shí)二周）：

由于第一階段的功夫下得扎實(shí)，該生在聽(tīng)寫(xiě)字母時(shí)很少出錯(cuò)，而且書(shū)寫(xiě)整潔美觀。然而，該生卻在“發(fā)音”方面存在極大的困難，在解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題時(shí)我人人那本著“循序漸進(jìn)”的原則。我請(qǐng)教了老師，然后開(kāi)始實(shí)施我的訓(xùn)練計(jì)劃。我堅(jiān)持每次上課時(shí)都領(lǐng)讀，而且我上書(shū)店買(mǎi)了初中生的英語(yǔ)音標(biāo)磁帶，讓他不斷地聽(tīng)，鼓勵(lì)他認(rèn)真模仿，我還專(zhuān)門(mén)從網(wǎng)上下載了不少好聽(tīng)的英文歌，在他下課休息時(shí)放給他聽(tīng)！“功夫不負(fù)有心人”，經(jīng)過(guò)這番輔導(dǎo)后，該生的發(fā)音得到很大的提高。

第三階段，“超前學(xué)習(xí)”階段（耗時(shí)一周）：即對(duì)初三內(nèi)容做一些練習(xí)。為了教好這一部分，我提前把初三上冊(cè)的英語(yǔ)課本讀得爛熟。在這個(gè)階段，我并未對(duì)該生作過(guò)于嚴(yán)格的要求和施加太大的壓力。

因?yàn)楝F(xiàn)在如果讓他學(xué)得太精，到他們真正上課時(shí)，他就沒(méi)心思聽(tīng)了！我只是稍微得指點(diǎn)，對(duì)于比較難的單詞先幫他列出來(lái)，教他怎樣讀和記憶。此外，我還提醒他一些容易錯(cuò)的單詞，讓他在今后多留意！

實(shí)踐結(jié)果：最后讓該生做模擬試卷，成績(jī)能達(dá)到90分以上，基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)掌握得很牢固；地其冊(cè)單詞記憶過(guò)半，新課文朗讀流利，基本達(dá)到了預(yù)想效果。

實(shí)踐體會(huì)總結(jié)：

第一、需要“專(zhuān)心：我為這次實(shí)踐的順利進(jìn)行，我投入了大量的精力準(zhǔn)備。雖然說(shuō)對(duì)于初中的知識(shí)不在話(huà)下，但我還是找來(lái)了教材和教參等專(zhuān)心備課，力求走到在知識(shí)上準(zhǔn)確無(wú)誤；除了在“教什么”上下工夫，我在“如何教”也絲毫不敢馬虎，我翻閱了《教育心理學(xué)》，《發(fā)展心理學(xué)》，初中英語(yǔ)教學(xué)法等專(zhuān)業(yè)書(shū)籍，上網(wǎng)查詢(xún)了有關(guān)經(jīng)驗(yàn)交流，在充分尊重青少年身心發(fā)展規(guī)律的前提下開(kāi)展教學(xué)活動(dòng)。

第二、學(xué)工作需要“耐心”：而對(duì)于一個(gè)年僅14歲的初二年級(jí)的學(xué)生，他對(duì)知識(shí)的接受，記憶的方式和能力，都有其特點(diǎn)和約束限制，我們?cè)诮虒W(xué)中不能從自身主觀出發(fā)“想當(dāng)然之”。對(duì)學(xué)生在學(xué)習(xí)中遇到的障礙要“耐心”的分析講解，多次重復(fù)到他明白為止，同時(shí)也應(yīng)該適時(shí)反省自己的教學(xué)方式是否對(duì)路，切忌“簡(jiǎn)單魯莽”。

第三、學(xué)工作要“交心”：在教學(xué)中不能夠“閉門(mén)造車(chē)”，“一葉障目，不見(jiàn)泰山”，要多與外界交流，掌握更多的信息，豐富自己的教學(xué)背景。我注意了與家長(zhǎng)的交流，一方面更深入了解學(xué)生的情況，有利于我“有的放矢”；另一方面我及時(shí)將教學(xué)進(jìn)展及時(shí)反饋給家長(zhǎng)，有利于家長(zhǎng)的配合與支持。同時(shí)，我還向多位我以前的老師請(qǐng)教，他們的經(jīng)驗(yàn)都給了我莫大的幫助。

第四、從事教學(xué)工作需要“愛(ài)心”和“責(zé)任心”：中學(xué)生需要老師多多的關(guān)愛(ài)和理解，要常以笑臉陪伴不要老是批評(píng)，人是在鼓勵(lì)中進(jìn)步的尤其是中學(xué)生，因?yàn)樗麄兊某惺艽煺勰芰τ邢蕖Ｅu(píng)會(huì)使他感到自卑。

總之，教師是太陽(yáng)下最光輝的職業(yè)。我覺(jué)得做好一名中學(xué)教師要學(xué)會(huì)分析中學(xué)生的特點(diǎn)，有有愛(ài)崗敬業(yè)的思想和樂(lè)于奉獻(xiàn)的精神以及自身要有較高的綜合素質(zhì)和淵博的知識(shí)。

我通過(guò)著一次為時(shí)一個(gè)多月的實(shí)踐，從另一個(gè)側(cè)面檢驗(yàn)了自己的學(xué)習(xí)情況，培養(yǎng)了自己發(fā)現(xiàn)問(wèn)題，分析問(wèn)題，解決問(wèn)題的能力；同時(shí)也發(fā)現(xiàn)了一些自己存在的不足，它猶如一盞明燈照亮了我以后要走的路，告訴我在以后的學(xué)習(xí)中應(yīng)該怎樣去彌補(bǔ)和提高?！皩?shí)踐是知識(shí)的源泉”，我認(rèn)為我們應(yīng)該多實(shí)踐，這樣才能為我們以后的就業(yè)求職積累豐富的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，打好堅(jiān)實(shí)的基礎(chǔ)！

篇9

關(guān)鍵詞：心理暗示；途徑；作用

中圖分類(lèi)號(hào)：G633.41 文獻(xiàn)標(biāo)識(shí)碼：A 文章編號(hào)：1671-0568（2014）06-0103-02

心理暗示作為一種心理上的溝通，在外在表現(xiàn)上具有一定的隱蔽性，它是直接發(fā)生在處于主動(dòng)層面的教師和處于被動(dòng)層面的學(xué)生個(gè)體之間的一種潛在的交流，這種交流方式在師生的心理上構(gòu)成一座橋梁，通過(guò)雙方的會(huì)意達(dá)到教育效果。英語(yǔ)教師充分運(yùn)用心理暗示這一手段來(lái)激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣，提高英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的效率。現(xiàn)在筆者結(jié)合教學(xué)實(shí)踐，談?wù)勛约簩?duì)初中英語(yǔ)心理暗示作用的認(rèn)識(shí)。

一、英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中實(shí)施心理暗示的途徑

1.創(chuàng)設(shè)和諧氛圍，形成積極暗示。

案例一：在一節(jié)初三復(fù)習(xí)課中復(fù)習(xí)食物，假如，整節(jié)課都把食物一一歸類(lèi)再加以羅列，會(huì)使這節(jié)課枯燥乏味。因此，創(chuàng)設(shè)了一個(gè)非常有特色的情境：要求學(xué)生設(shè)計(jì)能代表本市特色的主題飯店，包括飯店名稱(chēng)、招牌菜、有主題特色的菜單和飯店標(biāo)志等。而且還要定出各類(lèi)食物的價(jià)格、設(shè)計(jì)娛樂(lè)設(shè)施和其他細(xì)節(jié)。學(xué)生如果要設(shè)計(jì)這么一個(gè)飯店，首先要收集店經(jīng)營(yíng)的有關(guān)資料，而且還要收集本市的建筑特色、美食和人文風(fēng)俗等資料。又如，在七年級(jí)上冊(cè)（Go for it！）Unit7 How much are these pants？ 中創(chuàng)設(shè)情景讓學(xué)生為自己的服裝店做廣告。因?yàn)橛蟹段目梢詤⒖?，學(xué)生操作起來(lái)比較方便。有個(gè)調(diào)皮的學(xué)生William故意把自己要賣(mài)的東西價(jià)格說(shuō)得特別低。教師可以在一旁詼諧地說(shuō)：“哦，William 要清倉(cāng)大甩賣(mài)了。”學(xué)生們都開(kāi)懷大笑。

2.利用同伴互動(dòng)，實(shí)施間接暗示。

案例二：在九年級(jí)（Go for it?。︰nit9中設(shè)置多項(xiàng)活動(dòng)：?jiǎn)枌W(xué)生這些發(fā)明在現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中有什么用處？What’s it used for？＼What’re they used for？再讓學(xué)生小組討論，如果現(xiàn)實(shí)生活中沒(méi)有了這些發(fā)明，將會(huì)是什么樣子？這樣就巧妙地把課本的知識(shí)和現(xiàn)實(shí)生活聯(lián)系起來(lái)，使課內(nèi)知識(shí)向課外延伸，使學(xué)生的思維得到拓展。課后，讓學(xué)生按小組在自己或附近的小區(qū)內(nèi)調(diào)查，近十年最有用的發(fā)明是什么？發(fā)明這些東西的材料，你能用哪些東西替代它，使它變得最節(jié)能、最環(huán)保？完成這些任務(wù)憑借一個(gè)人的能力肯定不夠，他們肯定會(huì)自覺(jué)地進(jìn)行小組分工合作，探究性地去學(xué)習(xí)，以求完成作業(yè)。這種同伴互動(dòng)方式變教師的直接暗示為通過(guò)學(xué)生的行為進(jìn)行間接暗示，學(xué)生情緒高漲，相互激勵(lì)，有效地激活了學(xué)生的思維，激發(fā)了學(xué)習(xí)的主動(dòng)性和積極性。

3.提供高峰體驗(yàn)，引導(dǎo)自我暗示。高峰體驗(yàn)是指一個(gè)人最能發(fā)揮作用、最有決斷力、最能專(zhuān)心致志時(shí)涌現(xiàn)出的自信、幸福、狂喜、欣慰、完美等情緒。筆者在課堂教學(xué)中，經(jīng)常選擇學(xué)生的自主作業(yè)進(jìn)行展示、點(diǎn)評(píng)，主要針對(duì)兩個(gè)方面進(jìn)行，即筆者和作業(yè)的內(nèi)容。筆者的針對(duì)性指平時(shí)不善言辭、缺乏自信、練習(xí)屢次受挫的學(xué)生，在展示、點(diǎn)評(píng)中培養(yǎng)其信心，使其獲得鼓舞，從而獲得高峰體驗(yàn)；作業(yè)內(nèi)容的針對(duì)性包括解題規(guī)范好、有創(chuàng)新、對(duì)某類(lèi)問(wèn)題能進(jìn)行自主歸納整理、有獨(dú)到見(jiàn)解或大膽提出疑問(wèn)等。

二、英語(yǔ)課堂教學(xué)中心理暗示的作用

1.激發(fā)學(xué)習(xí)興趣，提高動(dòng)機(jī)水平。

案例三：在Go For It九年級(jí)unit9 Section B的教學(xué)中，教師可以先讓學(xué)生看錄像關(guān)于蒸汽機(jī)的發(fā)明。運(yùn)用心理暗示激發(fā)學(xué)生的內(nèi)部動(dòng)機(jī)，通過(guò)看錄像激起學(xué)生的求知欲和興趣。然后再出示一個(gè)很有創(chuàng)意的鑰匙扣，問(wèn)Whaat’s this？ What is this used ror？因?yàn)闁|西新穎，所以一下子就激起了學(xué)生的好奇心。學(xué)生通過(guò)七嘴八舌的猜之后，學(xué)習(xí)興趣就在不經(jīng)意間被激發(fā)出來(lái)了。然后在學(xué)習(xí)Section B的3a部分時(shí)，讓學(xué)生討論問(wèn)題：Do you think tea is the most popular drink in the world？ Why or why not？討論這些問(wèn)題，目的是讓學(xué)生使用已學(xué)的知識(shí)進(jìn)行實(shí)際運(yùn)用和拓展。期間教師給學(xué)生獎(jiǎng)賞、贊許等激發(fā)了學(xué)生的外部動(dòng)機(jī)。最后做練習(xí)題時(shí)，因?yàn)槊拷M題目都標(biāo)明了幾星級(jí)，不同星級(jí)的題目所得的分?jǐn)?shù)也不一樣很有挑戰(zhàn)性。這些外部條件的創(chuàng)造，激發(fā)了外部動(dòng)機(jī)，提高了學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)動(dòng)機(jī)水平。

2.克服情感障礙，促成積極心態(tài)。

案例四：在Go For It九年級(jí)unit13 Section B的教學(xué)中，教師可以先利用百事可樂(lè)的廣告導(dǎo)入。該廣告來(lái)自中央八臺(tái)的電視廣告，內(nèi)容非常生動(dòng)、滑稽，學(xué)生非常感興趣。欣賞完廣告后，問(wèn)學(xué)生該廣告關(guān)于什么？What’s it about ？ 學(xué)生答：“Cola.”老師補(bǔ)充：“Pepsi Cola.”再引入What’s the slogan of Pepsi Cola ？ 因?yàn)锳ds和Advertising slogan 是本節(jié)課的重點(diǎn)。接著讓學(xué)生說(shuō)說(shuō)其他的廣告詞。廣告詞簡(jiǎn)單、生動(dòng)，大多數(shù)學(xué)生課前都積極準(zhǔn)備，就連平時(shí)英語(yǔ)基礎(chǔ)不怎么好的學(xué)生也說(shuō)起來(lái)朗朗上口。教師也及時(shí)給這些表?yè)P(yáng)和鼓勵(lì)，在教師肯定的眼神中，學(xué)生也越來(lái)越活躍。因?yàn)檫@些廣告都是關(guān)于商品廣告（Product Advertising），所以翟老師話(huà)鋒一轉(zhuǎn)，大家知道許多商品廣告詞，你們也知道一些公益廣告（Public Interest Ad）嗎？展示一些公益廣告的圖片讓學(xué)生為他們寫(xiě)廣告詞。這不僅豐富了課堂內(nèi)容，同時(shí)也讓學(xué)生關(guān)心社會(huì)公益事業(yè)，在英語(yǔ)課堂中滲透愛(ài)心教育。然后讓學(xué)生為即將進(jìn)行的學(xué)校招生寫(xiě)廣告詞。Our school is going to enroll new students. Can you write an ad for it？ 同時(shí)，在學(xué)生當(dāng)中抽取15位同學(xué)的廣告詞。令教師刮目相看的是，平時(shí)根本不開(kāi)口有時(shí)甚至連作業(yè)都不交的鄭露同學(xué)也踴躍參加。接著，教師把學(xué)生的廣告詞放入一個(gè)準(zhǔn)備好的幸運(yùn)箱中，抽出三位幸運(yùn)者并讓學(xué)生評(píng)出：Who is the best one？ 給最好的學(xué)生一朵玫瑰花。這時(shí)，課堂的氣氛已經(jīng)達(dá)到了頂峰。在這樣的課堂氛圍和各種激勵(lì)手段中，大大激起了學(xué)生積極的情感體驗(yàn)，使師生之間形成融洽的情感交流。

3.挖掘?qū)W習(xí)潛能，拓展發(fā)展空間。

案例五：在復(fù)習(xí)怎樣給朋友和家人買(mǎi)禮物時(shí)，創(chuàng)設(shè)了好幾個(gè)令人耳目一新的情境，吸引學(xué)生的眼球。為了教學(xué)生送人禮物，就要送新穎的讓人喜歡的東西。學(xué)校的一位教師首先出示一根紅帶子讓學(xué)生猜這是一個(gè)什么禮物。在學(xué)生猜了之后，給學(xué)生一個(gè)意想不到的結(jié)果，把這根帶子做成了一個(gè)精美的筆筒。一個(gè)精美別致的手工活，一下子就激發(fā)了學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣。然后讓他們自己總結(jié)向人家提建議有哪些方法。由于學(xué)生處于興奮狀態(tài)，容易提取出他們以前存儲(chǔ)的東西。當(dāng)學(xué)生平靜下來(lái)，他讓學(xué)生欣賞一段不知怎樣為爸爸買(mǎi)禮物的電影片段。然后創(chuàng)設(shè)情境打電話(huà)給劇中人物，幫他出點(diǎn)子。這樣，學(xué)生不知不覺(jué)地在輕松、愉悅的氛圍中復(fù)習(xí)了知識(shí)點(diǎn)，并靈活運(yùn)用了已學(xué)的知識(shí)。這些富有生活化的情境也使學(xué)生學(xué)會(huì)了人與人之間的交往。為了使這節(jié)復(fù)習(xí)課的內(nèi)容更有系統(tǒng)性她整合了教材把初三課文中有關(guān)節(jié)日的內(nèi)容放在這里。然后要學(xué)生根據(jù)不同的節(jié)日給出不同的禮物，一個(gè)情景套一個(gè)情境環(huán)環(huán)相扣、步步遞進(jìn)，不僅使學(xué)生大開(kāi)眼界，也使聽(tīng)課教師大開(kāi)眼界。教師在不漏痕跡地、有意識(shí)地創(chuàng)設(shè)情境使學(xué)生不知不覺(jué)地在輕松愉悅的氛圍中學(xué)到了知識(shí)。

英語(yǔ)教學(xué)的方法很多，條條道路通羅馬，讓心理暗示在英語(yǔ)的教學(xué)領(lǐng)域吐露芬芳吧！

參考文獻(xiàn)：

篇10

關(guān)鍵詞： 幽默；故事；巧用；培養(yǎng)興趣

幽默是一片綠色的樹(shù)林，讓它點(diǎn)綴你的課堂，學(xué)生就會(huì)在平靜中認(rèn)真學(xué)習(xí)；幽默是一首輕快的舞曲，讓它馳騁在你的課堂，孩子們就會(huì)在歡樂(lè)中品味知識(shí)的甘甜?！敖逃易钪饕囊彩堑谝晃坏闹质怯哪??！边@時(shí)前蘇聯(lián)教育家斯維特羅夫的一句名言。的確，在英語(yǔ)教學(xué)中，如果能借助幽默的魅力，巧加運(yùn)用，將會(huì)令你的課堂風(fēng)趣詼諧、幽默睿智，讓你的教學(xué)熠熠生輝。下面是我在課堂上的一些嘗試。

一、巧用幽默聯(lián)想，記憶生詞更形象。

在教學(xué)某些生詞的時(shí)候，如果以學(xué)過(guò)的單詞作為中介，利用拼寫(xiě)形式及漢語(yǔ)意思進(jìn)行巧解，就能加深學(xué)生的第一印象，從而提高記憶的效果。例如，在教生詞fall的時(shí)候，給自己學(xué)單詞all的漢語(yǔ)意思，在all之下劃了一根橫線，并在f之前加了一個(gè)向下的箭頭“”，接著告訴學(xué)生所有的f都“掉下來(lái)了”。很快地，學(xué)生輕松地掌握了這個(gè)單詞。

又如，學(xué)習(xí)生詞lion的時(shí)候，我將它分成li 和on兩部分，然后問(wèn)學(xué)生：“on是什么意思？”學(xué)生回答“在…之上”。于是，我對(duì)這名學(xué)生稱(chēng)贊道：“l(fā)i（你）站在‘獅子’的背上，真?zhèn)ゴ螅　睂W(xué)生感到迷惑，我立即進(jìn)行解析。很快，學(xué)生領(lǐng)會(huì)了我的聯(lián)想。在會(huì)心的微笑中，學(xué)生掌握了它的拼寫(xiě)及漢語(yǔ)意思。

二、巧述幽默故事，課堂教學(xué)錦上添花。

記得，在初三英語(yǔ)上冊(cè)u(píng)nit 9 Who invented tea？的教學(xué)中，當(dāng)講到Section B 1a之后，我給學(xué)生講述了下面的故事：

有一個(gè)叫喬治的廚師，在飯店工作。有一天，一個(gè)客人到店里來(lái)吃飯，點(diǎn)了土豆片。結(jié)果客人吃了之后，覺(jué)得味道不夠好，讓喬治重新烹飪。喬治很生氣，把土豆片端回廚房，放進(jìn)油鍋里面，使勁的煎炸，直到土豆片變得很脆以后，放入盤(pán)子，然后撒了很多鹽在上面，喬治想，客人一定會(huì)不喜歡很生氣。結(jié)果，客人吃了又咸又脆的土豆片，非常滿(mǎn)意，還介紹給其他的客人，于是，這種又脆又香的土豆片流行起來(lái)。

學(xué)生們都很感興趣的聽(tīng)著故事，還有的很感興趣的想知道，喬治做的土豆片，是不是我們現(xiàn)在吃的土豆片。于是，我繼續(xù)新課教學(xué)。看到課本，學(xué)生才恍然大悟，原來(lái)，我講的正是這個(gè)故事，學(xué)生們也立刻精神抖擻的進(jìn)入學(xué)習(xí)中了。

因此，在教學(xué)的“佳肴”中，再加點(diǎn)兒幽默的“味精”，定會(huì)提高課堂的教學(xué)效果。

三、巧談?dòng)哪适?，讓不?zhuān)心的學(xué)生回過(guò)神來(lái)。

一名好的教師通常會(huì)注意到課堂氣氛的調(diào)控。在英語(yǔ)課中，當(dāng)學(xué)生學(xué)了一段時(shí)間后，會(huì)感到疲倦，基礎(chǔ)較差的，有的會(huì)昏昏欲睡，有的會(huì)乘上“小飛機(jī)”。在這種情形下，來(lái)一段幽默故事，既能解除學(xué)生的疲勞，又能集中學(xué)生的注意力，何樂(lè)而不為呢？

有一次英語(yǔ)課剛上到中途時(shí)，有的學(xué)生已進(jìn)入了夢(mèng)鄉(xiāng)，還有的往窗外望。情況告訴我，該暫停了。于是，話(huà)鋒一轉(zhuǎn)，“同學(xué)們，你們都聰明，在下面的小故事中有個(gè)小問(wèn)題等候著你們的回答?！?/p>

士兵狄克拿著酒瓶，在回營(yíng)地的途中碰上中尉的盤(pán)問(wèn)，他只好撒謊道：“這瓶酒是我與上校合買(mǎi)的，一般屬上校?！敝形居?xùn)斥道：“把另一半倒掉！”請(qǐng)同學(xué)們想一下，狄克如何回答才能保住這瓶酒？

隨即叫了一名開(kāi)小差的學(xué)生，這名學(xué)生還真聰明，只聽(tīng)他回答道：“他的一半在下面?！薄罢媛斆?！”我稱(chēng)贊道，“把你的智慧放到學(xué)習(xí)上，進(jìn)步一定會(huì)很大?！逼渌膶W(xué)生也跟著振作起來(lái)。于是，我又繼續(xù)上課，這樣又順利地完成了教學(xué)任務(wù)。

四、巧用幽默故事，做好思想工作。

在教學(xué)中，當(dāng)你發(fā)現(xiàn)學(xué)生的一些不良學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣，甚至是欺騙行為時(shí)，你該怎么辦？是當(dāng)面指責(zé)他們，還是另辟蹊徑，曲徑通幽？這時(shí)，如果能巧用故事，給他們“幽上一默”，那么，在幽默的芳香中，學(xué)生定能體會(huì)老師的良苦用心，從而自覺(jué)地改正錯(cuò)誤。

記得又一次上初二英語(yǔ)是，有幾個(gè)學(xué)生在記筆記時(shí)，只是裝腔作勢(shì)地在書(shū)上劃動(dòng)，可是一個(gè)字也沒(méi)寫(xiě)。于是，我離開(kāi)正題，給學(xué)生講述了下面的笑話(huà)：

有個(gè)辦公室的小科長(zhǎng)，有一天上班時(shí)，閑得無(wú)聊，于是架起二郎腿，嘴里吐著煙圈，手里拿著報(bào)紙看了起來(lái)。這時(shí)，敲門(mén)進(jìn)來(lái)了一個(gè)陌生人。為了表示自己工作忙，只見(jiàn)他拿起電話(huà)，大聲說(shuō)道：“同志們，我沒(méi)有空，這點(diǎn)小事你們獨(dú)立思考，自己解決吧。”隨即詢(xún)問(wèn)來(lái)人：“有什么事？”來(lái)人很有禮貌地回答道：“我是電信局的修理工，據(jù)報(bào)告，你們的電話(huà)已經(jīng)壞了兩天了?！?/p>

有的學(xué)生竊笑。我盯著剛才那幾個(gè)不認(rèn)真筆記的學(xué)生說(shuō)道：“希望同學(xué)們做筆記時(shí)，不要像這個(gè)科長(zhǎng)，學(xué)知識(shí)就要腳踏實(shí)地，一步一個(gè)腳印?！边@幾個(gè)學(xué)生臉紅了。后來(lái)，他們都改變了這一不良習(xí)慣。

可見(jiàn)，在英語(yǔ)教學(xué)過(guò)程中，如果能巧用幽默這一法寶，適時(shí)適量地運(yùn)用到教學(xué)中來(lái)，將會(huì)令你的課堂熠熠生輝，為你的教學(xué)添鉆加瓦，從而有效地提高課時(shí)效率。

參考文獻(xiàn)